Elektrik devrelerinde yap\u0131lan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmler, sistemin g\u00fcvenli ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. \u00d6zellikle ak\u0131m \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc, hem ar\u0131za tespiti hem de bak\u0131m s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde s\u0131k\u00e7a ba\u015fvurulan bir i\u015flemdir. Ancak sahada kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan pek \u00e7ok ar\u0131za ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm hatas\u0131n\u0131n temelinde, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc aletlerinin yanl\u0131\u015f ba\u011flanmas\u0131 yatmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ak\u0131m, bir devredeki elektrik y\u00fcklerinin ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder ve bu ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n do\u011fru \u015fekilde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilmesi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc aletinin devreyle olan ili\u015fkisi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm s\u0131ras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir ba\u011flant\u0131 hatas\u0131, yaln\u0131zca yanl\u0131\u015f sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furmakla kalmaz; ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc aletine, devre elemanlar\u0131na ve hatta personele zarar verebilecek ciddi riskler olu\u015fturabilir.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Her \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc aletinin kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc bir i\u00e7 direnci vard\u0131r. Ak\u0131m \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan cihazlar, devredeki ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 alg\u0131layabilmek ad\u0131na \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen ak\u0131m\u0131n do\u011frudan i\u00e7lerinden ge\u00e7mesini gerektirir. Bu nedenle bu t\u00fcr cihazlar, devrenin do\u011fal ak\u0131m yoluna dahil olacak \u015fekilde tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7 diren\u00e7lerinin \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm yap\u0131l\u0131rken devrenin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma karakteristi\u011finin bozulmamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, yanl\u0131\u015f ba\u011flant\u0131 durumlar\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc aleti devre i\u00e7in adeta bir \u201ck\u0131sa yol\u201d olu\u015fturabilir. Bu t\u00fcr hatal\u0131 uygulamalar, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm yap\u0131lamamas\u0131na neden oldu\u011fu gibi, cihaz\u0131n a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ak\u0131ma maruz kalmas\u0131na ve kal\u0131c\u0131 hasar g\u00f6rmesine yol a\u00e7abilir. \u00d6zellikle pano i\u00e7i \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerde bu t\u00fcr hatalar, ciddi i\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011fi riskleri do\u011furur.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Uygulamada kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan en yayg\u0131n sorunlardan biri, ak\u0131m \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn gerilim \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcyle kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Gerilim \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri, paralel ba\u011flanarak iki nokta aras\u0131ndaki potansiyel fark \u00fczerinden yap\u0131l\u0131rken; ak\u0131m \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc devreyle do\u011frudan ili\u015fki gerektirir. Bu fark\u0131n g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilmesi, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc aletinin yanl\u0131\u015f noktaya ba\u011flanmas\u0131na neden olur.<\/p>\n
Bir di\u011fer yayg\u0131n hata ise \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm \u00f6ncesi devrenin durumu hakk\u0131nda yeterli kontrol yap\u0131lmamas\u0131d\u0131r. Devredeki y\u00fck durumu, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kullan\u0131lan cihaz\u0131n kapasitesi dikkate al\u0131nmadan yap\u0131lan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmler hem hatal\u0131 sonu\u00e7 verir hem de ekipman \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc k\u0131salt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Ak\u0131m \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc yap\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcn amac\u0131 netle\u015ftirilmeli ve uygun \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc aleti se\u00e7ilmelidir. Kullan\u0131lan cihaz\u0131n teknik \u00f6zellikleri, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclecek ak\u0131m de\u011ferine uygun olmal\u0131; ba\u011flant\u0131 noktalar\u0131 ise devrenin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma mant\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re belirlenmelidir. End\u00fcstriyel panolarda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm yap\u0131l\u0131rken pens ampermetre gibi temass\u0131z \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler de tercih edilerek riskler azalt\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n
Sonu\u00e7 olarak, ak\u0131m \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc basit bir i\u015flem gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de do\u011fru ba\u011flant\u0131 prensipleri bilinmeden yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ciddi sorunlara yol a\u00e7abilir. Elektrik devrelerinde g\u00fcvenli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biri, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcn nas\u0131l yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fil, neden o \u015fekilde yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finin anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu bilin\u00e7, hem do\u011fru \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 elde edilmesini hem de g\u00fcvenli bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Soru 19: Bir elektrik devresinde ak\u0131m \u00f6l\u00e7mek isteyen biri, ampermetreyi devreye nas\u0131l ba\u011flamal\u0131d\u0131r?<\/p>\n
(a) Paralel ba\u011flamal\u0131d\u0131r<\/p>\n
(b) Hem seri hem paralel ba\u011flamal\u0131d\u0131r<\/p>\n
(c) Seri ba\u011flamal\u0131d\u0131r<\/p>\n
(d) Devreye hi\u00e7 ba\u011flanmamal\u0131d\u0131r<\/p>\n
\u2705 Cevap: c) Seri ba\u011flamal\u0131d\u0131r<\/p>\n
\ud83e\udde0 A\u00e7\u0131klama: Ampermetre, \u00f6l\u00e7mek istedi\u011fi ak\u0131m\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7mesi i\u00e7in devreye seri ba\u011flan\u0131r. Cihaz\u0131n i\u00e7 direnci \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fundan seri ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda devrenin ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 neredeyse hi\u00e7 etkilemez. Paralel ba\u011flanmas\u0131 halinde ise alet, devreyi k\u0131sa devre ediyormu\u015f gibi davran\u0131r; bu durumda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm yap\u0131lamaz ve cihaza zarar verebilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Elektrik devrelerinde yap\u0131lan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmler, sistemin g\u00fcvenli ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. \u00d6zellikle ak\u0131m \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc, hem ar\u0131za tespiti hem<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":27311,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[120],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27310","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/atceenerji.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27310","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/atceenerji.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/atceenerji.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atceenerji.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atceenerji.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27310"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/atceenerji.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27310\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27312,"href":"https:\/\/atceenerji.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27310\/revisions\/27312"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atceenerji.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/27311"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/atceenerji.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27310"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atceenerji.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27310"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atceenerji.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27310"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}