Elektrik enerjisinin verimli kullan\u0131m\u0131, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz sanayisinin en \u00f6nemli hedeflerinden biridir. Bir tesisin aktif g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn yan\u0131 s\u0131ra reaktif g\u00fc\u00e7 de sistemin verimlili\u011fini do\u011frudan etkiler. End\u00fcktif veya kapasitif karakterdeki y\u00fckler nedeniyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bu g\u00fc\u00e7, do\u011frudan i\u015fe yaramaz ancak manyetik ve elektrik alanlar\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar; faz fark\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar ve hatt\u0131 gereksiz yere y\u00fckler. Reaktif g\u00fcc\u00fcn kontrol edilmemesi, gerilim d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc ve enerji kayb\u0131 gibi sorunlara neden olur. Bu yaz\u0131da, reaktif g\u00fc\u00e7 kontrol r\u00f6lelerinin g\u00f6revlerini ve sanayi tesislerinde reaktif g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7eken cihazlar\u0131 inceleyece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n
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Reaktif g\u00fc\u00e7 kontrol r\u00f6leleri, bir tesisin g\u00fc\u00e7 katsay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 (cos \u03c6) belirlenen de\u011ferin \u00fczerinde tutmak i\u00e7in tasarlanan otomasyon cihazlar\u0131d\u0131r. Temel i\u015flevleri \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n
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G\u00fc\u00e7 katsay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 izlemek ve kontrol etmek: R\u00f6le, anl\u0131k cos \u03c6 de\u011ferini s\u00fcrekli \u00f6l\u00e7erek hedef de\u011ferin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde gerekli d\u00fczeltici i\u015flemi ba\u015flat\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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Kapasit\u00f6r gruplar\u0131n\u0131 otomatik devreye almak\/\u00e7\u0131karmak: Y\u00fck durumuna g\u00f6re kompanzasyon panosundaki kondansat\u00f6r kademelerini devreye al\u0131r veya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r; b\u00f6ylece manuel m\u00fcdahaleye ihtiya\u00e7 kalmaz.<\/p>\n
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End\u00fcktif y\u00fcklerin neden oldu\u011fu reaktif enerjiyi kompanse etmek: End\u00fcktif y\u00fckler \u015febekeden pozitif reaktif g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7eker; r\u00f6le, kapasitif karakterdeki kondansat\u00f6rleri devreye sokarak bu enerjiyi dengelemeyi sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
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Enerji verimlili\u011fi ve maliyet y\u00f6netimine katk\u0131: G\u00fc\u00e7 katsay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczeltilmesi, kablo ve trafo y\u00fcklerinin azalmas\u0131, enerji kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesi ve reaktif ceza bedellerinden ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n
R\u00f6lelerin bir koruma cihaz\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r; a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ak\u0131m korumas\u0131 veya k\u0131sa devre kesme gibi g\u00f6revler termik-manyetik \u015falterler ve koruma r\u00f6leleriyle sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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Sanayi tesislerindeki y\u00fcklerin \u00e7o\u011fu end\u00fcktif karakterde oldu\u011fundan reaktif g\u00fc\u00e7 t\u00fcketimi genellikle y\u00fcksektir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki cihazlar reaktif g\u00fc\u00e7 ihtiyac\u0131 nedeniyle dikkat \u00e7ekicidir:<\/p>\n
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Asenkron ve senkron motorlar: Fabrikalarda kullan\u0131lan pompalar, fanlar ve kompres\u00f6rler gibi motorlar manyetik alan olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in reaktif g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7eker.<\/p>\n
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Transformat\u00f6rler: Gerilimi y\u00fckseltip d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcrken manyetik ak\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in reaktif enerjiye ihtiya\u00e7 duyarlar.<\/p>\n
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D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ikazl\u0131 senkron makineler: Senkron jenerat\u00f6rler ve motorlar yeterli uyart\u0131m sa\u011flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda reaktif g\u00fc\u00e7 talep eder.<\/p>\n
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End\u00fcksiyon ve ark f\u0131r\u0131nlar\u0131, kaynak makineleri: Metalurji ve imalat sekt\u00f6rlerinde kullan\u0131lan bu cihazlar y\u00fcksek manyetik alan gerektirdi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli reaktif g\u00fc\u00e7 t\u00fcketicileridir.<\/p>\n
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Redres\u00f6rler ve motor s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcleri: G\u00fc\u00e7 elektroni\u011fi devrelerindeki ind\u00fckt\u00f6rler nedeniyle reaktif g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7ekerler.<\/p>\n
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Bobinler ve reakt\u00f6rler: Elektrom\u0131knat\u0131slar ve benzeri bobinli cihazlar manyetik alan \u00fcretirken reaktif enerji kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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Ayd\u0131nlatma balastlar\u0131: Floresan, sodyum buharl\u0131, c\u0131va buharl\u0131 ve neon lambalar\u0131n balastlar\u0131 end\u00fcktif olup reaktif g\u00fc\u00e7 t\u00fcketir.<\/p>\n
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Havai hatlar ve uzun kablolar: Uzun iletim hatlar\u0131 ve kablolar belirli y\u00fcklerde reaktif g\u00fc\u00e7 t\u00fcketir, bu nedenle sistem tasar\u0131m\u0131nda dikkate al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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UPS (kesintisiz g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131): Kondansat\u00f6r tabanl\u0131 giri\u015f filtreleri nedeniyle kapasitif reaktif g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00fcretir.<\/p>\n
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LED ampuller ve elektronik balastl\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatma: Modern LED armat\u00fcrler devrelerinde kondansat\u00f6r bulundurduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in kapasitif etki g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n
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Di\u011fer elektronik cihazlar: Bilgisayarlar ve benzeri cihazlar\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131 kapasitif karaktere sahip olup \u015febekeye negatif reaktif g\u00fc\u00e7 verebilir.<\/p>\n
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Bu cihazlar birle\u015fti\u011finde, tesisin g\u00fc\u00e7 katsay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrerek enerji verimlili\u011fini olumsuz etkiler. \u00d6zellikle sanayi tesislerinde motorlu cihazlar ve end\u00fcstriyel ayd\u0131nlatma sistemleri reaktif g\u00fcc\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcketir. Kapasitif y\u00fcklerin de artmas\u0131, tesisin kapasitif tarafa kaymas\u0131na ve yine ceza s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131na neden olabilir; bu y\u00fczden \u015f\u00f6nt reakt\u00f6rler gerekebilir.<\/p>\n
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Reaktif g\u00fcc\u00fc kontrol etmenin son ad\u0131m\u0131, do\u011fru boyutland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve m\u00fchendisler taraf\u0131ndan hesaplanm\u0131\u015f bir kompanzasyon panosu kurmakt\u0131r. Yaln\u0131zca reaktif g\u00fc\u00e7 r\u00f6lesi se\u00e7mek yetmez; kondansat\u00f6r kademelerinin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, ad\u0131m say\u0131s\u0131, kontakt\u00f6r, \u015falter ve sigorta se\u00e7imi tesisin karakteristi\u011fine g\u00f6re belirlenmelidir. Do\u011fru tasarlanm\u0131\u015f bir kompanzasyon panosu, motorlar, transformat\u00f6rler ve balastl\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatmalar gibi end\u00fcktif y\u00fcklerin \u00e7ekti\u011fi reaktif g\u00fcc\u00fc yerinde kompanse eder; enerji kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131 ve kablo\/trafo y\u00fcklenmesini azalt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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A\u015eA\u011eIDAK\u0130LERDEN HANG\u0130S\u0130 REAKT\u0130F G\u00dc\u00c7 KONTROL R\u00d6LELER\u0130N\u0130N KULLANIM NEDENLER\u0130NDEN B\u0130R\u0130 DE\u011e\u0130LD\u0130R?<\/p>\n
(a)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Cos \u03c6 (g\u00fc\u00e7 katsay\u0131s\u0131) kontrol\u00fc yapmak<\/p>\n
(b)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kapasit\u00f6r gruplar\u0131n\u0131 otomatik devreye almak<\/p>\n
(c)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ak\u0131m durumlar\u0131nda devreyi kesmek<\/p>\n
(d)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 End\u00fcktif y\u00fcklerin sebep oldu\u011fu reaktif enerjiyi kompanse etmek<\/p>\n
\u2705 Do\u011fru cevap: c) A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ak\u0131m durumlar\u0131nda devreyi kesmek<\/p>\n
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A\u00e7\u0131klama: Bu i\u015flev termik-manyetik \u015falter ya da ak\u0131m r\u00f6leleriyle ilgilidir, reaktif g\u00fc\u00e7 r\u00f6lesi ak\u0131m korumas\u0131 sa\u011flamaz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Elektrik enerjisinin verimli kullan\u0131m\u0131, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz sanayisinin en \u00f6nemli hedeflerinden biridir. Bir tesisin aktif g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn yan\u0131 s\u0131ra reaktif g\u00fc\u00e7 de sistemin<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":27230,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[120],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27229","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/atceenerji.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27229","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/atceenerji.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/atceenerji.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atceenerji.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atceenerji.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27229"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/atceenerji.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27229\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27231,"href":"https:\/\/atceenerji.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27229\/revisions\/27231"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atceenerji.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/27230"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/atceenerji.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27229"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atceenerji.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27229"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atceenerji.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27229"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}